Master data is reference information:

• Product data (GTIN, description)
• Location data (GLN, address)
• Trading partner data
• Must be synchronized across systems

A verification response confirms product authenticity:

• GTIN + Serial + Lot + Expiry verified
• Response: Valid/Invalid/Unknown
• Required at point of dispense
• Real-time query to repository

Lot number: Identifies production batch (many units share same lot)
Serial number: Unique identifier for each unit

• Both required for full traceability
• Lot = quality tracking
• Serial = individual tracking

Data synchronization keeps data consistent:

• Between internal systems
• With trading partners
• With regulatory portals
• Critical for EPCIS accuracy

Key difference:

• Master data: Static reference data (product info, locations)
• Event data: Dynamic transaction records (what, when, where, why)

Both needed for complete traceability.

Batch traceability tracks products by production batch:

• Same lot number = same production run
• Enables batch-level recalls
• Links to quality records
• Part of GMP requirements

Exception handling manages serialization issues:

• Rejected units on line
• Failed submissions to portal
• Verification failures
• Data discrepancies

Requires documented procedures.

A transaction ID links business transactions:

• Purchase order number
• Invoice number
• Delivery note number
• Required in EPCIS transaction events

Compliance reports demonstrate regulatory adherence:

• Serialization status by product
• Event submission statistics
• Error rates and resolution
• Required for audits

Data retention requirements:

• Keep records for specified period
• Typically 1 year after expiry + buffer
• Country-specific requirements
• Must be retrievable for audits